How many cities have subways? Analysis of global and Chinese subway development status
As an important part of modern urban public transportation, the subway's construction scale and coverage directly reflect the city's economic development level. In recent years, the global subway network has expanded rapidly, and China has become the main force in subway construction. This article will combine the latest data to analyze the development status of global and Chinese subway cities.
1. Statistics on the number of global metro cities

As of 2023, more than 200 cities around the world have opened subway systems. Here are the statistics by continent:
| continent | Number of metro cities | representative city |
|---|---|---|
| Asia | 85+ | Beijing, Shanghai, Tokyo, Seoul |
| Europe | 65+ | London, Paris, Moscow |
| North America | 30+ | New York, Chicago, Toronto |
| south america | 15+ | sao paulo, santiago |
| africa | 8+ | Cairo, Algiers |
| Oceania | 2 | Sydney, Melbourne |
2. Current status of China’s subway city development
China's subway construction began with the Beijing Subway in 1969. After more than 50 years of development, it has become one of the countries with the most developed subway networks in the world. As of December 2023, 55 cities in mainland China have operational subway systems, and more than 20 cities are under planning and construction.
| Province/Municipality | Number of metro cities | First line opening time |
|---|---|---|
| Beijing | 1 | 1969 |
| Shanghai | 1 | 1993 |
| Guangdong | 5 | Guangzhou 1997 |
| Jiangsu | 6 | Nanjing 2005 |
| Zhejiang | 3 | Hangzhou 2012 |
| Sichuan | 2 | Chengdu 2010 |
3. China’s subway operating mileage rankings
The following are the top 10 cities in China by subway operating mileage (as of December 2023):
| Ranking | city | Operating mileage (km) | Number of lines |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Shanghai | 831 | 20 |
| 2 | Beijing | 807 | 27 |
| 3 | Guangzhou | 621 | 18 |
| 4 | Chengdu | 558 | 13 |
| 5 | Shenzhen | 547 | 16 |
| 6 | Wuhan | 504 | 11 |
| 7 | Chongqing | 478 | 10 |
| 8 | Nanjing | 449 | 11 |
| 9 | Hangzhou | 427 | 12 |
| 10 | Xi'an | 311 | 9 |
4. Cities that will open new subways in 2023
In 2023, many more cities in China will join the "Metro Club":
| city | Province | First line opening time | First phase mileage (km) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Shaoxing | Zhejiang | July 2023 | 20.3 |
| Luoyang | Henan | March 2023 | 25.2 |
| Wuhu | Anhui | November 2023 | 46.2 |
5. Future trends in subway construction
As urbanization accelerates, China's subway construction will continue to develop rapidly. According to the plan, the number of subway cities in China is expected to exceed 70 by 2025. At the same time, subway technology will also develop in the direction of intelligence and greening, and new technologies such as driverless driving and full 5G coverage will gradually become popular.
It is worth noting that subway construction requires huge capital investment, and not all cities are suitable for subway construction. The National Development and Reform Commission has issued new regulations requiring cities that apply for subway construction to have general public budget revenue of more than 30 billion yuan, a regional GDP of more than 300 billion yuan, and an urban permanent population of more than 3 million.
As the "bloodline" of modern cities, the subway not only relieves traffic pressure, but also drives economic development along the lines. In the future, as more cities join the subway network, China's urban rail transit system will become more complete and provide citizens with a more convenient travel experience.
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